Codes and Cryptography

How do I solve puzzles?

This is a 4 chapter tutorial on how to solve puzzles!
If you would like to jump in immediately or don't have the time to read much,
I would advise you to look through the summary at least!

Chapters

Chapter	1	2	3	4
Name	Types of Puzzles	Common Codes and Ciphers	How to Solve Puzzles?	Tips and Tricks	Solutions
What is included?	What are puzzles? How many types of puzzles are there?	A1Z26 Atbash Cipher Caesar Cipher Vigenere Cipher Morse Code Semaphore	How exactly do you solve puzzles? Steps to follow for beginners!	Tips and tricks to make puzzle solving easier, and more fun.	Solutions from the puzzles in the different chapters, all consolidated into one page!
Link	Chapter 1	Chapter 2	Chapter 3	Chapter 4	Solutions

Summary

- Puzzles are games/toys, designed to test your knowledge.
- There are many types of puzzles: logic, math, cipher, jigsaw...
- A1Z26 translates your letters to its position in the alphabet.
- Atbash is the opposite of your alphabet.
- Caesar shifts your letters forward or backward in the alphabet.
- Vigenere is Caesar with multiple shifts.
- Morse is represented by dots and dashes.
- Semaphore is represented by two flags' position in 8 directions.
- Transposition is moving your letters without changing it.
- Tips:

+ Gather and analyze information
+ Search online
+ Think laterally
+ Compile a list of URL length for each website (or use a link identifier, like https://a2x2.github.io/link/)
+ Utilize sites (for both ciphers and steganography)

- List of sites:

+ dCode: https://www.dcode.fr/en
+ Boxentriq: https://www.boxentriq.com/code-breaking
+ Rumkin: http://rumkin.com/tools/cipher/
+ CyberChef: https://gchq.github.io/CyberChef/
+ QuipQiup: https://quipqiup.com/
+ Incoherency: https://incoherency.co.uk/image-steganography/
+ Aperisolve: https://www.aperisolve.com/
+ Audacity: https://www.audacityteam.org/ (Audio Manipulation)
+ GIMP: https://www.gimp.org/ (Image Manipulation)
+ HxD: https://mh-nexus.de/en/hxd/ (File Checker)